The relationship between the concept of Akinnah Al-Qalb with human capital development

The development of human capital is a plan which requires a priority as a foundation for a sustainable, virtuous and glorious civilization. Until today copious efforts for self-development have revolved around the physical, mental and emotional aspects. Education of the heart is apparently lacking in the human capital development process. The concept of Akinnah al-Qalb refers to the barrier that exists in developing the human heart. Hence, the exploration into this concept is essential to the development of virtuous human capital. Previous research has focused on the factors that contribute to human capital development; nonetheless, no attempt has been made to explore the aspects which hinder human capital development, with specific reference to the Quran. Hence, this paper aims to explore the Quranic verses that are correlated to the notion of Akinnah al-Qalb, their characteristics and the description of its features based on the opinions of various religious scholars. Qualitative method was virtuously engaged in this study by referring to the analyses made on Quranic verses by mufassirun that are linked to Akinnah al-Qalb concept. The findings of the present study have been able to explain the concept of Akinnah al-Qalb and describe its connection with the human heart and consequently its significance in human capital growth

The Concept of Sa‘Ādah According to Islamic, Western, and Greek Views

Sa‘ādah in Islam literally means happiness. In a broader sense, it also means a combination of peaceful and tranquil as well as being in luck. The concept of sa‘ādah has always been a topic of interest among the researchers local and foreign alike to better the livelihood of mankind, thus indicating the necessity of sa‘ādah in present times. Societies have a shallow understanding on the concept of sa‘ādah that it needs to be clearly discussed from Islamic, Western, and Greek perspectives. This research therefore aims to discuss the concept of sa‘ādah as per the views of the scholars selected from the Islamic, the western and the Greek disciplines. The discussion uses content analysis method by referring to the works and literatures penned by the above mentioned scholars pertaining to the concept of sa‘ādah. Thereafter, the data are analyzed using comparative method of which similarities and differences of the views on sa‘ādah are identified. The finding of the research show that there are a number of similarities among the views of the Islamic, the western and the Greek philosophers. However, this research also finds that the Islamic view of sa‘ādah is more comprehensive because it encompasses happiness in the present world as well as the hereafter

Principle of responsibility in the Medina charter to build cooperative relations of the cross-cultural community

The Medina Charter is the world’s first written constitution enacted by the Prophet Muhammad PBUH to manage the cross-cultural society in Yathrib (after the migration, Yathrib changed its name to Medina al-Munawwarah). The Yathrib community comprises of various ethnicities, languages, religions, and tribes. Before the arrival of Islam, Yathrib had no organised political system and people lived in factions and sects. Its people were constantly in conflict due to high levels of ethnocentrism, fight instigations and quarrels of merely small matters. Thus, the Prophet PBUH drafted the Medina Charter to build cooperative relations within the cross-cultural society. This article aims to identify the principles of responsibility in the Constitution of Medina and analyse the principles of responsibility in building cooperative relationships of cross-cultural communities in Medina. Qualitative methods i.e., in-depth interviews and (systematic) literature review or library research were used for this study. In analysing the data, content analysis method was employed. The results found that this Charter has laid down the principle of responsibility to be followed by every individual for the common good and has succeeded in uniting and fostering cooperative relations within the cross-cultural community of Medina

Al-Ghazali and Soul: Comparative context and paradigms

This thesis seeks to study in depth the influence of al-Ghazäli's life, in particular his search for true knowledge, on his theories concerning the psychological dispositions of man, and attempts to clarify the distinctive contribution of his psychological ideas to an understanding of the human personality. The first chapter presents a discussion of al-Ghazali's life against the background of the religious milieu of his time. The second chapter examines his al-Mungidh min al-dalil. The third chapter attempts to provide a general outline of al-Ghazäli's teachings and a summary of the approach he adopts in his magnum opus Ihya `ulum al-din. In the fourth chapter, an assessment is made of the theories of soul of three major Greek philosophers; Plato, Aristotle and Plotinus. This is followed by Islamic theories of soul: those found in the Qur'an, those of al-Färäbi and Ibn Sinä, and finally al-Ghazäli's theory of soul. The final chapter examines briefly al-Ghazäli's concept of happiness and attempts to analyse the spiritual dynamic inherent in al-Ghazali's theory of the soul and how this is related to his views on the human personality. While much other research has been done on al-Ghazäli's ideas concerning the psychological dispositions of man, this study attempts to show by detailed argument that al-Ghazli's psychology has distinctive features which declare his originality

Alam sekitar dan peranan manusia:kajian dari perspektif pelbagai agama.

Kajian ini berkaitan alam sekitar dan peranan manusia yang dibincangkan dalam pelbagai agama utama di Malaysia iaitu Islam. Buddha, Hindu dan Kristian. Kajian telah cuba mengeluarkan fakta-fakta berkaitan alam sekitar menurut pelbagai agama ini. Kajian juga merangkumi perbincangan bagaimana seharusnya manusia berinteraksi dengan alam sekitar menurut ajaran agama-agama ini serta kaedah memupuk tatacara berinteraksi dengan alam sekitar berasaskan aspek kerohanian serta fizikal menurut ajaran pelbagai agama. Kajian telah menggunakan kaedah kepustakaan dalam menghasilkan perbincangan-perbincangan ini. The study is related to the environment and the roles of man as conversed in the diversity of major religions in Malaysia, viz., Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and Christianity. The study addresses manifold factual environmental teachings extracted from the said religions. The study also administers discourses on how man should interact with the environment. The ways to cultivate interaction procedures with the environment based on physical and spiritual aspects are also brought to light The study methodologizes the library research in excavating the outcomes of discussion

PEMBANGUNAN MODAL INSAN DARI PERSPEKTIF KEROHANIAN AGAMA: ISLAM SEBAGAI FOKUS (HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE ASPECT OF RELIGIOUS SPIRITUALITY: THE ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE)

Modal insan adalah aspek yang tidak boleh diabaikan sama sekali dalam konteks pembangunan yang bermula dengan pembangunan diri, keluarga, masyarakat dan negara. Artikel ini akan membincangkan aspek pembangunan modal insan dari perspektif kerohanaian agama Islam. Perbincangan secara konseptual bersumberkan bahan-bahan literatur ini memberi fokus kepada agama Islam selaku agama persekutuan Malaysia. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberi penekanan tentang kepentingan menyedari bahawa modal insan adalah sumber manusia yang memastikan kelestarian sesuatu umat. Fokus awal kepada agama Islam akan menjadi model kepada agama-agama lain untuk mengambil langkah yang sama. Diharap dengan penulisan ini faktor kerohanian agama akan menjadi titik tolak kepada pembangunan modal insan masyarakat Malaysia. Kata Kunci: pembangunan, modal insan, kerohanian agama, Islam ABSTRACT Human capital is an aspect that cannot be ignored at all in the context of development which begins with the development of self, family, community and nation. This article will discuss aspects of human capital development from the perspective of spiritual Islam. The conceptual discussion which is derived from literature, focuses on Islam as the religion of the federation of Malaysia. This study emphasized the importance of recognizing that human capital is human resource which leads to  sustainability of a community. The initial focus on Islam is to be a model to other religions. This paper is hoped to give insights into spiritual religiosity as a push factor towards  the development of human capital in the Malaysian society.Keywords: development, human capital, spirituality, religion, Isla

THE CLASH OF THOUGHTS: HOW ABŪ ḤĀMID Al-GHAZĀLĪ AND BERTRAND RUSSELL DEFINE HAPPINESS

The interpretation of happiness and the method to attain it may vary from one individual to another. Happiness by itself is subjective, which entails the individual’s perception on happiness to change according to the respective situation.  Literature on happiness is vast and often updated as it is enticing to explore multiple guidance in attaining true happiness. Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī was a classical scholar who initiated the thought of spiritual happiness in Islam, in which he discusses methods to attain happiness for Muslims. On the other hand, Bertrand Russell is a European scholar from the modern era who discusses the factors of happiness and unhappiness in individuals. This study aims to descriptively discuss the happiness approach according to both scholars. The data collection method used was content analyses of the scholars’ works to decipher their perspectives on happiness. Comparative method was also applied to identify the similarities and differences in their thoughts on happiness. The finding reveals that the differences in thoughts between them are inevitable as both scholars hailed from different eras and their assumptions were based on contrasting epistemologies. However, similarities are also observed as it is human nature to share common characteristics of happiness. Moreover, the differences and the similarities in their eventful background have provided significant revelations in their thoughts about happiness

The elements of environment: an analysis from the spiritual perspectives

The elements of environment are mentioned many times in the Quran. These elements such as mountain, water, tree sea, sky, earth and their roles lucidly exhibited in the Quran. Presently , the environment is facing assorted threats and varios steps have been taken to outmanoeuvre these menaces. Despite many strategies taken to sustain the environment, there is one step which is often being neglected and that is to dissolve the threats and retain the environment via spiritual aspects.This paper attemps to exhibit the connection between the elements of environment and the spiritual aspects as portrayed in the Quran.It is hoped that the paper will provide a clearer understanding of the connection between spiritual aspects and the preservation of environmentand how the environment can be sustained via spiritual realizations